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oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70770
The commands below change password encryption from md5 to sha512 (a much stronger hashing algorithm). All existing accounts will need to perform a password change to upgrade the stored hashes to the new algorithm. Rationale: The SHA-512 algorithm provides much stronger hashing than M ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70821 The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system that maps names to IP addresses for computers, services and other resources connected to a network. Rationale: Unless a system is specifically designated to act as a DNS server, it is recommended that the package be dele ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65999 The Set Lockout Time For Failed Password Attempts should be set correctly. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65921 The passwords to remember should be set correctly. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65996 The two options ClientAliveInterval and ClientAliveCountMax control the timeout of ssh sessions. When the ClientAliveInterval variable is set, ssh sessions that have no activity for the specified length of time are terminated. When the ClientAliveCountMax variable is set, sshd will send client alive ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95956 Protecting the integrity of the tools used for auditing purposes is a critical step toward ensuring the integrity of audit information. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity. Audit ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95968 Journald (via systemd-journal-remote) supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or to receive messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralized log management.Rationale:Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an attacker gains ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95961 Journald includes the capability of rotating log files regularly to avoid filling up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large. The file /etc/systemd/journald.conf is the configuration file used to specify how logs generated by Journald should be rotated.Rationale:By keeping the log ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95936 The ptrace() system call provides a means by which one process (the "tracer") may observe and control the execution of another process (the "tracee"), and examine and change the tracee's memory and registers. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95945 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Since the /var filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /var. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95944 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the /var/log filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /var/log. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95957 The audit tools file should be owned by the appropriate group. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95955 Audit log files contain information about the system and system activity.Rationale:Access to audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, potentially compromising its confidentiality oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95953 Audit log files contain information about the system and system activity.Rationale:Access to audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, potentially compromising its confidentiality. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95951 Audit configuration files control auditd and what events are audited.Rationale:Access to the audit configuration files could allow unauthorized personnel to prevent the auditing of critical events.Misconfigured audit configuration files may prevent the auditing of critical events or impact the syste ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95969 Journald supports the ability to receive messages from remote hosts, thus acting as a log server. Clients should not receive data from other hosts.Rationale:If a client is configured to also receive data, thus turning it into a server, the client system is acting outside it's operational boundary. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95960 Journald will create logfiles that do not already exist on the system. This setting controls what permissions will be applied to these newly created files.Rationale:It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that sensitive data is archived and protected. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95964 The operating system must generate audit records for successful/unsuccessful uses of the setfacl command. Rationale:This utility sets Access Control Lists (ACLs) of files and directories. Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95963 The operating system must generate audit records for successful/unsuccessful uses of the chcon command.Rationale:The chcon command is used to change file security context. Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95962 The operating system must generate audit records for successful/unsuccessful uses of the chacl command.chacl is an IRIX-compatibility command, and is maintained for those users who are familiar with its use from either XFS or IRIX.Rationale:chacl changes the ACL(s) for a file or directory. Without g ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95933 /etc/shells is a text file which contains the full pathnames of valid login shells. This file is consulted by chsh and available to be queried by other programs.Rationale:It is critical to ensure that the /etc/shells file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, th ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95948 Without reauthentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95929 The autorun-never setting allows the GNOME Desktop Display Manager to disable autorun through GDM. Rationale:Malware on removable media may taking advantage of Autorun features when the media is inserted into a system and execute oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65984 The DPKG package 'aide' should be installed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65983 The DPKG package 'xserver-xorg-core' should be removed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65986 The /etc/cron.weekly directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a weekly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65985 Configure /etc/cron.allow and /etc/at.allow to allow specific users to use these services. If /etc/cron.allow or /etc/at.allow do not exist, then /etc/at.deny and /etc/cron.deny are checked. Any user not specifically defined in those files is allowed to use at and cron. By removing the files, only u ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65988 Access permission for '/etc/cron.monthly' is set to appropriate values. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65987 Access permission for '/etc/cron.d' is set to appropriate values. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65989 The DPKG package 'rsyslog' should be installed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65991 Remote connections (SSH) from accounts with empty passwords should be disabled (and dependencies are met). oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65990 The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. More information on NTP can be found at http://www.ntp.org. NTP can be configured to be a client and/or a server. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65993 TCP Wrappers provides a simple access list and standardized logging method for services capable of supporting it. In the past, services that were called from inetd and xinetd supported the use of tcp wrappers. As inetd and xinetd have been falling in disuse, any service that can support tcp wrappers ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65992 The /etc/crontab file is used by cron to control its own jobs. The commands in this item make sure that root is the user and group owner of the file and that only the owner can access the file. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65973 Monitor the use of the mount system call. The mount (and umount) system call controls the mounting and unmounting of file systems. The parameters below configure the system to create an audit record when the mount system call is used by a non-privileged user. It is highly unusual for a non privileg ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65972 By default, rsyslog does not listen for log messages coming in from remote systems. The ModLoad tells rsyslog to load the imtcp.so module so it can listen over a network via TCP. The InputTCPServerRun option instructs rsyslogd to listen on the specified TCP port. The guidance in the section ensures ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65975 Monitor for unsuccessful attempts to access files. The parameters below are associated with system calls that control creation (creat), opening (open, openat) and truncation (truncate, ftruncate) of files. An audit log record will only be written if the user is a nonprivileged user (auid > = 500), i ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65974 The prelinking feature changes binaries in an attempt to decrease their startup time. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65977 The talk software makes it possible for users to send and receive messages across systems through a terminal session. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65979 Set system audit so that audit rules cannot be modified with auditctl. Setting the flag "-e 2" forces audit to be put in immutable mode. Audit changes can only be made on system reboot. In immutable mode, unauthorized users cannot execute changes to the audit system to potentially hide malicious ac ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65978 Monitor the loading and unloading of kernel modules. The programs insmod (install a kernel module), rmmod (remove a kernel module), and modprobe (a more sophisticated program to load and unload modules, as well as some other features) control loading and unloading of modules. The init_module (load a ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65980 Monitor scope changes for system administrations. If the system has been properly configured to force system administrators to log in as themselves first and then use the sudo command to execute privileged commands, it is possible to monitor changes in scope. The file /etc/sudoers will be written t ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65982 The rsh package contains the client commands for the rsh services. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65981 The Network Information Service (NIS), formerly known as Yellow Pages, is a client-server directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration files. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65995 SSH's cryptographic host-based authentication is more secure than .rhosts authentication. However, it is not recommended that hosts unilaterally trust one another, even within an organization. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65994 The kernel module cramfs should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65997 The Banner parameter specifies a file whose contents must be sent to the remote user before authentication is permitted. By default, no banner is displayed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65998 IPtables is an application that allows a system administrator to configure the IPv4 tables, chains and rules provided by the Linux kernel firewall. ufw was developed to ease IPtables firewall configuration. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65940 The Set Password Warning Age should be set appropriately. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65942 The X11Forwarding parameter provides the ability to tunnel X11 traffic through the connection to enable remote graphic connections. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65941 The file /etc/securetty contains a list of valid terminals that may be logged in directly as root. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65944 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65943 The kernel module hfsplus should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65946 This test makes sure that '/etc/passwd' has proper permission. If the target file or directory has an extended ACL then it will fail the mode check. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65945 The root account is the only system account that should have a login shell. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65948 /etc/hosts.allow file is present. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65947 File permissions for '/etc/group' should be set correctly. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65949 This variable limits the types of ciphers that SSH can use during communication. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65931 The grub configuration file contains information on boot settings and passwords for unlocking boot options. The grub configuration is usually grub.cfg stored in /boot/grub. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65930 The grub boot loader should have password protection enabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65933 The MaxAuthTries parameter specifies the maximum number of authentication attempts permitted per connection. When the login failure count reaches half the number, error messages will be written to the syslog file detailing the login failure. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65932 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" should be set to "1". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65935 The INFO parameter specifies that record login and logout activity will be logged. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65934 The kernel module hfs should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65937 File permission for '/etc/hosts.deny' is set to appropriate values. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65936 The Kernel Parameter for Accepting Source-Routed Packets By Default should be enabled or disabled as appropriate. The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65939 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65938 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65962 Root login via SSH should be disabled (and dependencies are met) oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65961 Only SSH protocol version 2 connections should be permitted. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65964 The /etc/shadow file contains the one-way cipher text passwords for each user defined in the /etc/passwd file. The command below sets the user and group ownership of the file to root. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65963 This test makes sure that '/etc/shadow' file permission is setted as appropriate. If the target file or directory has an extended ACL then it will fail the mode check. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65966 The /etc/passwd file contains a list of all the valid userIDs defined in the system, but not the passwords. The command below sets the owner and group of the file to root. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65965 File permission for '/etc/ssh/sshd_config' is set to appropriate values. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65968 Capture events where the system date and/or time has been modified. The parameters in this section are set to determine if the adjtimex (tune kernel clock), settimeofday (Set time, using timeval and timezone structures) stime (using seconds since 1/1/1970) or clock_settime (allows for the setting of ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65967 Configure grub or lilo so that processes that are capable of being audited can be audited even if they start up prior to auditd startup.Audit events need to be captured on processes that start up prior to auditd, so that potential malicious activity cannot go undetected. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65969 Record events affecting the group, passwd (user IDs), shadow and gshadow (passwords) or /etc/security/opasswd (old passwords, based on remember parameter in the PAM configuration) files. The parameters in this section will watch the files to see if they have been opened for write or have had attribu ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65971 Monitor session initiation events. The parameters in this section track changes to the files associated with session events. The file /var/run/utmp file tracks all currently logged in users. The /var/log/wtmp file tracks logins, logouts, shutdown and reboot events. All audit records will be tagged w ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65970 Record changes to network environment files or system calls. The below parameters monitor the sethostname (set the systems host name) or setdomainname (set the systems domainname) system calls, and write an audit event on system call exit. The other parameters monitor the /etc/issue and /etc/issue.n ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65951 Monitor SELinux mandatory access controls. The parameters below monitor any write access (potential additional, deletion or modification of files in the directory) or attribute changes to the /etc/selinux directory. Changes to files in this directory could indicate that an unauthorized user is atte ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65950 The default umask for all users specified in /etc/login.defs oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65953 The accounts should be configured to expire automatically following Inactivity accounts. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65952 Monitor changes to file permissions, attributes, ownership and group. The parameters in this section track changes for system calls that affect file permissions and attributes. The chmod, fchmod and fchmodat system calls affect the permissions associated with a file. The chown, fchown, fchownat and ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65955 The auditd daemon can be configured to halt the system when the audit logs are full. In high security contexts, the risk of detecting unauthorized access or nonrepudiation exceeds the benefit of the system's availability. space_left_action, action_mail_acct and admin_space_left_action setting in / ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65954 Normally, auditd will hold 4 logs of maximum log file size before deleting older log files. In high security contexts, the benefits of maintaining a long audit history exceed the cost of storing the audit history. max_log_file_action setting in /etc/audit/auditd.conf is set to at least a certain v ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65957 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65956 The minimum password age policy should be set appropriately. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65959 The maximum password age policy should meet minimum requirements. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65958 The pam_cracklib module checks the strength of passwords. It performs checks such as making sure a password is not a dictionary word, it is a certain length, contains a mix of characters (e.g. alphabet, numeric, other) and more. The following are definitions of the pam_cracklib.so options. * retr ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65960 The /etc/group file contains a list of all the valid groups defined in the system. The command below allows read/write access for root and read access for everyone else. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73993 Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8).Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loop ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73994 Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8).Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loop ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65920 The kernel module jffs2 should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65922 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65924 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.ip_forward" should be set to "0". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65923 Mail Transfer Agents (MTA), such as sendmail and Postfix, are used to listen for incoming mail and transfer the messages to the appropriate user or mail server. If the system is not intended to be a mail server, it is recommended that the MTA be configured to only process local mail. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65926 The su command allows a user to run a command or shell as another user. The program has been superseded by sudo, which allows for more granular control over privileged access. Normally, the su command can be executed by any user. By uncommenting the pam_wheel.so statement in /etc/pam.d/su, the su co ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65925 The PermitUserEnvironment option allows users to present environment options to the ssh daemon. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65928 The /etc/hosts.allow file contains networking information that is used by many applications and therefore must be readable for these applications to operate. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65927 There are several options available to limit which users and group can access the system via SSH. It is recommended that at least one of the following options be leveraged:AllowUsers The AllowUsers variable gives the system administrator the option of allowing specific users to ssh into the system. ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65929 Global IPv6 initialization should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65911 Core dumps for all users should be disabled oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65910 max_log_file setting in /etc/audit/auditd.conf is set to at least a certain value oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65913 The kernel module rds should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65912 The kernel runtime parameter "kernel.randomize_va_space" should be set to "2". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65915 The kernel module sctp should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65914 The kernel module tipc should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65917 Syslog logs should be sent to a remote loghost oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65916 The kernel module dccp should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65919 The kernel module freevxfs should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65918 The logrotate (syslog rotater) service should be enabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73988 A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will be rejected.With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73987 A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will be rejected.With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95970 System time should be synchronized between all systems in an environment. This is typically done by establishing an authoritative time server or set of servers and having all systems synchronize their clocks to them. Rationale: Time synchronization is important to support time sensit ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73983 The use of wireless networking can introduce many different attack vectors into the organization's network. Common attack vectors such as malicious association and ad hoc networks will allow an attacker to spoof a wireless access point (AP), allowing validated systems to connect to the malicious AP ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:73981 Monitor login and logout events. The parameters below track changes to files associated with login/logout events. The file /var/log/faillog tracks failed events from login. The file /var/log/lastlog maintain records of the last time a user successfully logged in. The file /var/log/tallylog maintains ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70776 Rsyslog will create logfiles that do not already exist on the system. This setting controls what permissions will be applied to these newly created files. Rationale: It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that sensitive data is archived and ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70777 The /etc/gshadow file is used to store the information about groups that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information Rationale: If attackers can gain read access to the /etc/gshadow file, they can easily run a password ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70778 The /etc/passwd file contains user account information that is used by many system utilities and therefore must be readable for these utilities to operate. Rationale: It is critical to ensure that the /etc/passwd file is protected from unauthorized write access. Although it is pro ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70779 The /etc/shadow file is used to store the information about user accounts that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information. Rationale: If attackers can gain read access to the /etc/shadow file, they can easily run a pass ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70772 AppArmor profiles define what resources applications are able to access. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70773 Ensure all apparmor profiles are in enforce or complain mode. Rationale: Security configuration requirements vary from site to site. Some sites may mandate a policy that is stricter than the default policy, which is perfectly acceptable. This item is intended to ensure that any p ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70774 The contents of the /etc/motd file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated users. Rationale: If the /etc/motd file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading informa ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70775 The contents of the /etc/issue file are displayed to users prior to login for local terminals. Rationale: If the /etc/issue file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading information. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95952 Audit information includes all information including: audit records, audit settings and audit reports. This information is needed to successfully audit system activity. This information must be protected from unauthorized modification or deletion. If this information were to be compromised, forensic ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70771 The usermod command can be used to specify which group the root user belongs to. This affects permissions of files that are created by the root user. Rationale: Using GID 0 for the root account helps prevent root-owned files from accidentally becoming accessible to non-privileged users. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70769 The MaxSessions parameter specifies the maximum number of open sessions permitted from a given connection. Rationale: To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of concurrent sessions, use the rate limiting function of MaxSessions to protect availability of s ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95967 Journald (via systemd-journal-remote) supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or to receive messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralized log management.Rationale:Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an attacker gains ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70765 GDM is the GNOME Display Manager which handles graphical login for GNOME based systems. Rationale: Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70766 The LoginGraceTime parameter specifies the time allowed for successful authentication to the SSH server. The longer the Grace period is the more open unauthenticated connections can exist. Like other session controls in this session the Grace Period should be limited to appropriate organizational li ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70767 SSH port forwarding is a mechanism in SSH for tunneling application ports from the client to the server, or servers to clients. It can be used for adding encryption to legacy applications, going through firewalls, and some system administrators and IT professionals use it for opening backdoors into ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70768 The MaxStartups parameter specifies the maximum number of concurrent unauthenticated connections to the SSH daemon. Rationale: To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of pending authentication connection attempts, use the rate limiting function of MaxStartu ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70761 The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central database. Rationale: If the system will not need to act as an LDAP client, it is recommended that the softwar ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70762 A Firewall package should be selected. Most firewall configuration utilities operate as a front end to nftables or iptables. Rationale: A Firewall package is required for firewall management and configuration. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70763 auditd is the userspace component to the Linux Auditing System. It's responsible for writing audit records to the disk. Rationale: The capturing of system events provides system administrators with information to allow them to determine if unauthorized access to their system is occ ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70764 Backlog limit represents the number of logs it will hold. Rationale: During boot if audit=1, then the backlog will hold specified number of records. If records more than are created during boot, auditd records will be lost and potential malicious activity could go undetected. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95965 The operating system must generate audit records for successful/unsuccessful uses of the chcon command.Rationale:The chcon command is used to change file security context. Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70760 The telnet package contains the telnet client, which allows users to start connections to other systems via the telnet protocol. Rationale: The telnet protocol is insecure and unencrypted. The use of an unencrypted transmission medium could allow an unauthorized user to steal creden ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70798 chrony is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP) is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. Rationale: If chrony is in use on the system proper configuration is vital to ensuring time synchroniza ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70799 Over time, system administration errors and changes can lead to groups being defined in /etc/passwd but not in /etc/group. Rationale: Groups defined in the /etc/passwd file but not in the /etc/group file pose a threat to system security since group permissions are not properly ma ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95939 GNOME Desktop Manager can make the screen lock automatically whenever the user is idle for some amount of time. Rationale: Setting a lock-out value reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized user access to another user's session that has been left unattended. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95938 GNOME Desktop Manager can make the screen lock automatically whenever the user is idle for some amount of time.By using the lockdown mode in dconf, you can prevent users from changing specific settings.To lock down a dconf key or subpath, create a locks subdirectory in the keyfile directory.The file ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70794 The .netrc file contains data for logging into a remote host for file transfers via FTP. Rationale: The .netrc file presents a significant security risk since it stores passwords in unencrypted form. Even if FTP is disabled, user accounts may have brought over .netrc files from ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70795 The .forward file specifies an email address to forward the user's mail to. Rationale: Use of the .forward file poses a security risk in that sensitive data may be inadvertently transferred outside the organization. The .forward file also poses a risk as it can be used to execut ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70796 While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' "dot" files, the users can easily override these. Rationale: Group or world-writable user configuration files may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's syste ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70797 While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' .netrc files, the users can easily override these. Rationale: .netrcfiles may contain unencrypted passwords that may be used to attack other systems. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70790 An account with an empty password field means that anybody may log in as that user without providing a password. Rationale: All accounts must have passwords or be locked to prevent the account from being used by an unauthorized user. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70791 Users can be defined in /etc/passwd without a home directory or with a home directory that does not actually exist. Rationale: If the user's home directory does not exist or is unassigned, the user will be placed in "/" and will not be able to write any files or have local envir ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70792 While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' home directories, the users can easily override these. Rationale: Group or world-writable user home directories may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70793 While no .rhosts files are shipped by default, users can easily create them. Rationale: This action is only meaningful if .rhosts support is permitted in the file /etc/pam.conf . Even though the .rhosts files are ineffective if support is disabled in /etc/pam.conf , they may have ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95946 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Since the /var/log filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /var/log. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70787 The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms. Rationale: Thes ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70788 The shadow group allows system programs which require access the ability to read the /etc/shadow file. No users should be assigned to the shadow group. Rationale: Any users assigned to the shadow group would be granted read access to the /etc/shadow file. If attackers can gain re ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70789 Any account with UID 0 has superuser privileges on the system. Rationale: This access must be limited to only the default root account and only from the system console. Administrative access must be through an unprivileged account using an approved mechanism as noted in Item 5.6 ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95949 Without reauthentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70783 An SSH private key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In this authentication method, The possession of the private key is proof of identity. Only a private key that corresponds to a public key will be able to authenticate successfully. The private keys need to be stored and h ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70784 An SSH public key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In this authentication method, a public key is a key that can be used for verifying digital signatures generated using a corresponding private key. Only a public key that corresponds to a private key will be able to authent ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70785 The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms. Rationale: The ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70786 The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms. Rationale: The ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95943 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the /var filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /var. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70780 The /etc/group file contains a list of all the valid groups defined in the system. The command below allows read/write access for root and read access for everyone else. Rationale: The /etc/group file needs to be protected from unauthorized changes by non-privileged users, but nee ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70781 The contents of the /etc/issue.net file are displayed to users prior to login for remote connections from configured services. Rationale: If the /etc/issue.net file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading information. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95941 By default GNOME automatically mounts removable media when inserted as a convenience to the user. By using the lockdown mode in dconf, you can prevent users from changing specific settings. To lock down a dconf key or subpath, create a locks subdirectory in the keyfile directory. The files i ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70736 The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries. Rationale: Since the /var/tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot run executable binaries from /var/tmp . oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70737 Single user mode (rescue mode) is used for recovery when the system detects an issue during boot or by manual selection from the bootloader. Rationale: Requiring authentication in single user mode (rescue mode) prevents an unauthorized user from rebooting the system into single user ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70738 The /var/log directory is used by system services to store log data. Rationale: There are two important reasons to ensure that system logs are stored on a separate partition: protection against resource exhaustion (since logs can grow quite large) and protection of audit data. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70739 sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy. The invoking user's real (not effective) user ID is used to determine the user name with which to query the security policy. Rationale: sudo supports a plugin arch ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70732 The /etc/hosts.deny file specifies which IP addresses are not permitted to connect to the host. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the /etc/hosts.allow file. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70733 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a simple file transfer protocol, typically used to automatically transfer configuration or boot machines from a boot server. The packages tftp and atftp are both used to define and support a TFTP server. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70734 'biosdevname' is an external tool that works with the udev framework for naming devices. 'biosdevname' uses three methods to determine NIC names: 1. PCI firmware spec.3.1 2. smbios (matches # after "em" to OEM # printed on board or housing) 3. PCI IRQ Routing Table (uses # of NIC position in t ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70735 USB storage provides a means to transfer and store files insuring persistence and availability of the files independent of network connection status. Its popularity and utility has led to USB-based malware being a simple and common means for network infiltration and a first step to establishing a pe ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66000 This directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on an hourly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66002 The squashfs Kernel Module should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66001 The /etc/cron.daily directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a daily basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user a ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66004 The kernel module udf should be disabled. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66003 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" should be set to "1". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:89583 X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP) is designed to provide authenticated access to display management services for remote displays Rationale: XDMCP is inherently insecure. 1. XDMCP is not a ciphered protocol. This may allow an attacker to capture keystrokes entered b ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:89584 Ensure only strong Key Exchange algorithms are used oval:org.secpod.oval:def:89582 GDM is the GNOME Display Manager which handles graphical login for GNOME based systems. The disable-user-list option controls is a list of users is displayed on the login screen. Rationale: Displaying the user list eliminates half of the Userid/Password equation that an unauthorize ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70758 The eXtended InterNET Daemon ( xinetd ) is an open source super daemon that replaced the original inetd daemon. The xinetd daemon listens for well known services and dispatches the appropriate daemon to properly respond to service requests. Rationale: If there are no xinetd services ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70759 The inetd daemon listens for well known services and dispatches the appropriate daemon to properly respond to service requests. Rationale: If there are no inetd services required, it is recommended that the daemon be removed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70754 sudo can be configured to run only from a psuedo-pty. Rationale: Attackers can run a malicious program using sudo which would fork a background process that remains even when the main program has finished executing. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70755 sudo can use a custom log file. Rationale: A sudo log file simplifies auditing of sudo commands. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70756 SOMETHING HERE oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70757 Configure AppArmor to be enabled at boot time and verify that it has not been overwritten by the bootloader boot parameters. Rationale: AppArmor must be enabled at boot time in your bootloader configuration to ensure that the controls it provides are not overridden. Note: This re ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70750 The /var directory is used by daemons and other system services to temporarily store dynamic data. Some directories created by these processes may be world-writable. Rationale: Since the /var directory may contain world-writable files and directories, there is a risk of resource e ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70751 The /var/tmp directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all users and some applications. Rationale: Since the /var/tmp directory is intended to be world-writable, there is a risk of resource exhaustion if it is not bound to a separate partition. In additi ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70752 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the /var/tmp filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /var/tmp. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70753 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Since the /var/tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /var/tmp. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70747 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the /tmp filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /tmp. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66006 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" should be set to "1". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70748 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Since the /tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /tmp. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66005 Emulation of the rsh command through the ssh server should be disabled (and dependencies are met) oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70749 The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries. Rationale: Since the /tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot run executable binaries from /tmp. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66008 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" should be set to "1". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:66007 The kernel runtime parameter "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" should be set to "1". oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70743 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the /dev/shm filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create special devices in /dev/shm partitions. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70744 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Setting this option on a file system prevents users from introducing privileged programs onto the system and allowing non-root users to execute them. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70745 The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries. Rationale: Setting this option on a file system prevents users from executing programs from shared memory. This deters users from introducing potentially malicious software on the system. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70746 The /tmp directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all users and some applications. Rationale: Making /tmp its own file system allows an administrator to set the noexec option on the mount, making /tmp useless for an attacker to install executable code. ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70740 The auditing daemon, auditd , stores log data in the /var/log/audit directory. Rationale: There are two important reasons to ensure that data gathered by auditd is stored on a separate partition: protection against resource exhaustion (since the audit.log file can grow quite large ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70741 The /home directory is used to support disk storage needs of local users. Rationale: If the system is intended to support local users, create a separate partition for the /home directory to protect against resource exhaustion and restrict the type of files that can be stored und ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70742 The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices. Rationale: Since the user partitions are not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70813 The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) provides the ability to print to both local and network printers. A system running CUPS can also accept print jobs from remote systems and print them to local printers. It also provides a web based remote administration capability. Rationale: If ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70814 The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a service that allows machines to be dynamically assigned IP addresses. Rationale: Unless a system is specifically set up to act as a DHCP server, it is recommended that this service be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70815 The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) provides networked computers with the ability to transfer files. Rationale: FTP does not protect the confidentiality of data or authentication credentials. It is recommended SFTP be used if file transfer is required. Unless there is a need to run t ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70816 The nftables service allows for the loading of nftables rulesets during boot, or starting of the nftables service. Rationale: The nftables service restores the nftables rules from the rules files referenced in the /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf file during boot or the starting of th ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70810 The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) server is used to listen for SNMP commands from an SNMP management system, execute the commands or collect the information and then send results back to the requesting system. Rationale: The SNMP server can communicate using SNMP v1, w ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70811 The rsyncd service can be used to synchronize files between systems over network links. Rationale: The rsyncd service presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols for communication. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70812 Avahi is a free zeroconf implementation, including a system for multicast DNS/DNS-SD service discovery. Avahi allows programs to publish and discover services and hosts running on a local network with no specific configuration. For example, a user can plug a computer into a network and Avahi automat ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70817 The cron daemon is used to execute batch jobs on the system. Rationale: While there may not be user jobs that need to be run on the system, the system does have maintenance jobs that may include security monitoring that have to run, and cron is used to execute them. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70818 Once the rsyslog package is installed it needs to be activated. Rationale: If the rsyslog service is not activated the system may default to the syslogd service or lack logging instead. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70819 Turn on the auditd daemon to record system events. Rationale: The capturing of system events provides system administrators with information to allow them to determine if unauthorized access to their system is occurring. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70802 Although the useradd program will not let you create a duplicate user name, it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/passwd file and change the user name. Rationale: If a user is assigned a duplicate user name, it will create and have access to files with the ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70803 Although the groupadd program will not let you create a duplicate group name, it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/group file and change the group name. Rationale: If a group is assigned a duplicate group name, it will create and have access to files with ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70804 nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification of network packets/datagrams/frames. The nftables service reads the /etc/nftables.conf file for a nftables file or files to include in the nftables ruleset. A nftables ruleset containing the input, forward, and outp ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70805 Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server. Utilities exist to accept remote export of journald logs, however, use of the rsyslog service provides a consistent means of log collection and export. Rationale: Storing log data on a remote ho ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70800 Although the useradd program will not let you create a duplicate User ID (UID), it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/passwd file and change the UID field. Rationale: Users must be assigned unique UIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access pro ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70801 Although the groupadd program will not let you create a duplicate Group ID (GID), it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/group file and change the GID field. Rationale: User groups must be assigned unique GIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate a ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70806 The journald system includes the capability of compressing overly large files to avoid filling up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large. Rationale: Uncompressed large files may unexpectedly fill a filesystem leading to resource unavailability. Compressing log ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70807 Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server. Logs in memory will be lost upon a system reboot. By persisting logs to local disk on the server they are protected from loss. Rationale: Writing log data to disk will provide the ability to fo ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70808 autofs allows automatic mounting of devices, typically including CD/DVDs and USB drives. RAtionale: With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or disc and have its contents available in system even if they lacked permissions to mount it themse ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70809 The Samba daemon allows system administrators to configure their Linux systems to share file systems and directories with Windows desktops. Samba will advertise the file systems and directories via the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Windows desktop users will be able to mount these directories ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70835 UsePAM Enables the Pluggable Authentication Module interface. If set to yes this will enable PAM authentication using ChallengeResponseAuthentication and PasswordAuthentication in addition to PAM account and session module processing for all authentication types oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70831 The contents of the file /etc/motd file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated users. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70832 Monitor the sudo log file. If the system has been properly configured to disable the use of the su command and force all administrators to have to log in first and then use sudo to execute privileged commands, then all administrator commands will be logged to /var/log/sudoers_log. Any time a command ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70833 MAC algorithms being used during ssh can be limited by defining them in sshd_config file. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70834 Recent processors in the x86 family support the ability to prevent code execution on a per memory page basis. Generically and on AMD processors, this ability is called No Execute (NX), while on Intel processors it is called Execute Disable (XD). This ability can help prevent exploitation of buffer o ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70830 The Network File System (NFS) is one of the first and most widely distributed file systems in the UNIX environment. It provides the ability for systems to mount file systems of other servers through the network. The rpcbind service maps Remote Procedure Call (RPC) services to the ports on wh ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70824 HTTP or web servers provide the ability to host web site content. Rationale: Unless there is a need to run the system as a web server, it is recommended that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70825 Dovecot is an open source mail submission and transport server for Linux based systems. Rationale: Unless mail transport services are to be provided by this system, it is recommended that the service be disabled or deleted to reduce the potential attack surface. Note: Several ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70826 System time should be synchronized between all systems in an environment. This is typically done by establishing an authoritative time server or set of servers and having all systems synchronize their clocks to them. Rationale: Time synchronization is important to support time sens ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70827 Periodic checking of the filesystem integrity is needed to detect changes to the filesystem. Rationale: Periodic file checking allows the system administrator to determine on a regular basis if critical files have been changed in an unauthorized fashion. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70820 The Network Information Service (NIS), formerly known as Yellow Pages, is a client-server directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration files. The NIS client ( ypbind ) was used to bind a machine to an NIS server and receive the distributed configuration files. Ration ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70822 Squid is a standard proxy server used in many distributions and environments. Rationale: If there is no need for a proxy server, it is recommended that the squid proxy be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70823 The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central database. Rationale: If the system will not need to act as an LDAP server, it is recommended that the softw ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70828 All users should have a password change date in the past. Rationale: If a users recorded password change date is in the future then they could bypass any set password expiration. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:70829 The default TMOUT determines the shell timeout for users. The TMOUT value is measured in seconds. Rationale: Having no timeout value associated with a shell could allow an unauthorized user access to another user's shell session (e.g. user walks away from their computer and doesn' ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95959 The audit tools file should be owned by the appropriate user. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95950 Sudo caches used credentials for a default of 15 minutes. This is for ease of use when there are multiple administrative tasks to perform. The timeout can be modified to suit local security policies. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95954 Audit log files contain information about the system and system activity.Rationale:Access to audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, potentially compromising its confidentiality oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95966 A space-separated list of NTP server host names or IP addresses. During runtime this list is combined with any per-interface NTP servers acquired from systemd-networkd.service(8). systemd-timesyncd will contact all configured system or per-interface servers in turn, until one responds. When the empt ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95931 dnsmasq is a lightweight tool that provides DNS caching, DNS forwarding and DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) services.Rationale:Unless a system is specifically designated to act as a DNS caching, DNS forwarding and/or DHCP server, it is recommended that the package be removed to reduce the ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95930 Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between devices over short distances. It employs UHF radio waves in the ISM bands, from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz. It is mainly used as an alternative to wire connections.Rationale:An attacker may be able to find a ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95940 By default GNOME automatically mounts removable media when inserted as a convenience to the user. Rationale: With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or disc and have its contents available in system even if they lacked permissions to mount it ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95928 The autorun-never setting allows the GNOME Desktop Display Manager to disable autorun through GDM. Rationale:Malware on removable media may taking advantage of Autorun features when the media is inserted into a system and execute oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95958 Protecting audit information includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. OL 8 systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95947 The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files. Rationale: Since the /home filesystem is only intended for user file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /home oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95942 The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable . Rationale: Since the /var/log filesystem is only intended for log files, set this option to ensure that users cannot run executable binaries from /var/log . oval:org.secpod.oval:def:89586 All password hashes should be shadowed. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:89585 This test makes sure that '/etc/gshadow' has appropriate permission. If the target file or directory has an extended ACL then it will fail the mode check. oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95935 The pwquality dictcheck option sets whether to check for the words from the cracklib dictionary.Rationale:If the operating system allows the user to select passwords based on dictionary words, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the opportunity for successful guesses, and ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95934 The pwquality difok option sets the number of characters in a password that must not be present in the old password.Rationale:Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95937 The pwquality maxrepeat option sets the maximum number of allowed same consecutive characters in a new password.Rationale:Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a p ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:95932 /etc/security/opasswd and it's backup /etc/security/opasswd.old hold user's previous passwords if pam_unix or pam_pwhistory is in use on the systemRationale:It is critical to ensure that /etc/security/opasswd is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file permis ... oval:org.secpod.oval:def:65976 Monitor the use of system calls associated with the deletion or renaming of files and file attributes. This configuration statement sets up monitoring for the unlink (remove a file), unlinkat (remove a file attribute), rename (rename a file) and renameat (rename a file attribute) system calls and ta ... |
