The host is installed with OpenSSL 1.0.2 before 1.0.2zh, 1.1.1 before 1.1.1u, 3.0.0 before 3.0.9 or 3.1.0 before 3.1.1 or Oracle VM VirtualBox 6.1.x before 6.1.46 or 7.0.x before 7.0.10 and is prone to an improper certificate validation vulnerability. A flaw is present in the application, which fails to handle X.509 certificate chains that include policy constraints. Successful exploitation allows attackers to create a malicious certificate chain that triggers exponential use of computational resources, leading to a denial-of-service (DoS).